Simply re-enable the driver service disabled by the security update and start the service. The solution for this problem is actually pretty simple (Windows 7 and 8 only). The following is a highly abbreviated list of potentially affected games:
This security modification is built in to Windows 10 and cannot be worked around. There was recently a security update by Microsoft implemented for Windows 7 and 8 that breaks native compatibility with a very large handful of old CD-based games, namely anything with SafeDisc or SecuROM write protection built in.